State security

PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING THE TRAINING PROCESS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE BATTALION TACTICAL GROUP TO PERFORM THE ENSURE NATIONAL SECURITY TASKS TO WITHIN THE SECURITY AND DEFENSE FORCES

Oleksandr Bondarenko — 2024-11-09

The presence of Ukraine in the legal regime of martial law, the tasks performed by the National Guard of Ukraine formations, as well as the modern conditions for the use of the NGU formations to participate in the cessation of the russian federation armed aggression determine the peculiarities of personnel individual and collective training for the successful performance of the tasks assigned to them to ensure national security . The open and large-scale war waged by the russian federation against Ukraine, the current level of the NGU's ability to perform national security tasks, defined by legislation during the right-wing martial law regime, necessitate the development of new approaches to training the personnel of the NGU units to act as part of the state security forces and defense forces. In conditions of increased tension and speed of change in the operational situation, specialized professional training of servicemen, crews (calculations) and units of battalion tactical groups acquires special importance.

In the article it is analyzed the problems of substantiating the rational composition of groups of the state defense forces (including battalion tactical groups), the issue of determining the rational composition of NGU groups for the performance of relevant tasks to ensure national security, the experience of creating and using battalion tactical groups during modern wars and armed conflicts, as well as the system of training units equal to the battalion. Based on the analysis of relevant approaches and methods, the analysis of the experience of creating and using battalion tactical groups, an organizational structure scheme of NGU typical battalion tactical group is proposed, which takes into account the specifics of the implementation of the relevant NGU units.

After analyzing the typical training plan of NGU battalion tactical groups, a number of weaknesses were revealed, which were taken into account when justifying the recommended improved training plan. Such an approach to training will further improve the performance by National Guard of Ukraine battalion tactical groups of tasks to ensure national security under the martial law legal regime, because the level of training and preparedness of personnel depends on the degree of performance of the assigned task, the preservation of personnel and weapons and vehicles.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCTING OF PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE BY INTELLIGENCE UNITS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE DURING PARTICIPATION IN COUNTERING ARMED AGGRESSION

Vitalii Butuzov — 2024-11-09

The article examines the peculiarities of organization and conduct of personal intelligence by the defense forces of Ukraine based on the analysis of experience in performing reconnaissance tasks during the repulsion of full-scale armed aggression by the russian federation. It clarifies the list of main tasks of personal intelligence in modern conditions and discusses the problematic issues related to the collection of intelligence information from the local population. It describes general approaches to obtaining information through the analysis of social media and monitoring services used for this purpose. Furthermore, it outlines the ways to further develop the capabilities of personal intelligence within the National Guard of Ukraine.

Personal intelligence, in this article, refers to a complex of measures and actions carried out by designated units using methods of acquiring information from human resources (sources) in order to provide intelligence information to military command (staff) for the purpose of preparing and conducting combat (special) operations by military units (subunits) of the defense forces of Ukraine. It provides detailed information that helps confirm or refute intelligence information, enables obtaining answers to specific questions, and increases the reliability of information used by defense management authorities for decision-making.

Conducting personal intelligence through obtaining information from the local population is one of the effective methods of collecting intelligence information in dynamic combat situations. This approach involves interacting with individuals residing in territories occupied by the enemy or having access to valuable information concerning enemy actions, population attitudes, significant events, and other intelligence-relevant aspects.

In addition to obtaining information from the local population, gathering intelligence from open sources is a particular tool that helps collect valuable data for the effective execution of reconnaissance tasks by intelligence units within the National Guard of Ukraine formations.

The acquisition of intelligence information from the local population and open sources is an integral component of reconnaissance activities. These processes assist reconnaissance units in having a comprehensive understanding of the situation, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of intelligence information, thereby contributing to the successful accomplishment of tasks and ensuring national security by the National Guard of Ukraine formations.

The experience of organizing and conducting personal intelligence activities to provide reconnaissance support for operations of the defense forces in countering the aggression of the russian federation allows drawing conclusions that intelligence from open sources, including the actions of the population regarding documenting and disseminating information about enemy activities, significantly contributes to enhancing the capabilities of reconnaissance support for defense operations in repelling armed aggression.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE FORMS AND METHODS OF INFORMATION WARFARE: CHALLENGES AND THREATS TO CYBER SECURITY

Volodymyr Vasyshchev — 2024-11-09

With the beginning of full-scale and open aggression on the part of the Russian Federation, improving the system of ensuring Ukraine's national security became an urgent issue. At the same time, ensuring cyber security is one of the priorities in the national security system. The implementation of the specified priority should be carried out by strengthening the capabilities of the national cyber security system to counter cyber threats in the modern security environment.

Since now almost every inhabitant of the planet has access to the Internet, there are many more opportunities to influence our thoughts and actions. Information aggressors now do not just tell tales about the enemy, they form a different vision of the world, replace reality with such a well-thought-out hoax that it is almost impossible to distinguish it from the truth.

At the end of the 20th beginning of the 21st century. the world received a new form of confrontation - a hybrid war. One of the leading countries that actively uses the tools of hybrid warfare today is Russia. The basic components of the Russian strategy and tactics of modern hybrid warfare were formulated in 2013.

In the context of the functioning of the online network space, as a means of conducting information warfare, any format and topic of projects can be used.

The best tool for penetrating the enemy's information field is the so-called media viruses - information carriers (events, scandals, rumors, activities of organizations and individuals) that carry veiled ideas and messages in a hidden form.

The modern development of the media and online environment makes certain adjustments to our lives. Gradually, new forms of relations between objects and subjects of society in its various spheres: economic, political, social and other are perceived as the norm. Informational and psychological confrontation is no exception. One of the forms of such confrontation is informational online network war, which should be understood as a complex of informational influences between social systems (groups) aimed at obtaining certain advantages in economic, military, political, cultural and public confrontations.

INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUPPORT THE ADOPTION OF A MILITARY DECISION IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATO STANDARDS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TASKS IN THE FIELD OF STATE SECURITY

Oleksii Kolomiytsev — 2024-11-09

The military decision in the field of state security is taken by the government or the military command, which uses military force to defend the state from aggression. The military decision at the present stage is taken at different levels of military command (strategic, operational, tactical). Standardization of the military decision-making process according to NATO standards opens the way for the wide use of information and analytical technologies by the management bodies of the unit in the planning of service and combat operations in the field of state security.

The presence of an information and analytical system for supporting management processes in the automated management system of the unit staff allows to accelerate the process of making military decisions by the brigade management body, as well as to ensure effective interaction and better implementation of the combat capabilities of subordinate units and subunits.

The article discusses the issues of implementing information and analytical technologies in the process of making a military decision in accordance with NATO standards in the implementation of service and combat tasks. On the basis of the automated control system of the unit command post with the use of the Arc View GIS version 3.3 geographic information system, the sequence of work of the structural units of the management body at the stages of development, analysis and comparison of options for the method of performing the service and combat task is proposed.

Standardization of the procedures of the process of making a military decision by the tactical command bodies leads to the use of automated control tools at the unit command post in order to improve the methods of work of the staff officers and leads to a reduction in its organizational and staffing structure.

FORMATION OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE ACTIVITY MODES CHARACTERISTICS IN THE SPHERE OF STATE SECURITY

Oleksandr Lavnachenko — 2024-11-09

The process of carrying out tasks by the forces of the National Guard of Ukraine (NGU) in the sphere of state security, namely, the protection of public order and the fight against crime, has a versatile, multifaceted nature. At the same time, the environment in which these tasks are performed is often unpredictable and unpredictable in its development. In accordance with the legislation of Ukraine, a state system of civil defense was created to eliminate the consequences of emergency situations, in which the NGU is a part of the forces. Modes of functioning of NGUs in the sphere of state security, in particular, management bodies should be considered from the point of view of the occurrence of all emergency situations in accordance with the defined classification in the state. Depending on the scale and characteristics of emergency situations that are predicted or have arisen, the following modes of operation may be established for the management bodies of NGU at all levels: the mode of everyday operation, the mode of heightened readiness, the mode of operation under conditions of emergency situations, the mode of operation under conditions of a state of emergency, the mode of operation under martial law. The main factors that influence the activities of the NGU forces are described. In each mode, special additional tasks are assigned to the NGU as part of the group of security forces and defense forces. On the basis of the defined modes of operation of the NGU, it becomes possible to give a detailed description of the management modes. On the basis of the above, the article substantiates the NGU activity modes’ characteristics in the sphere of state security.

RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE BODIES (DIVISIONS) OF THE STATE BORDER PROTECTION REGARDING THE COMBATATION OF ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE ILLEGAL USE OF AIRCRAFT

Yuriy Melnychuk — 2024-11-09

In the article, based on the results of the analysis of the recent situation at the state border and the experience of the operational and service activities of the state border protection bodies (units), a conclusion is drawn regarding the activation and expansion of the scale of illegal activities in the border area with the use of various aircraft. According to the results of the analysis of the nature and methods of illegal activity, the structure of channels of smuggling activity, drug trafficking, etc., a classification of aircraft used by violators for the purpose of illegal activity was provided, the technical characteristics and capabilities of aircraft were given, and the possible tactics of actions of violators regarding their use were determined.

The above makes it necessary to continue and improve the work of bodies (subdivisions) of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to create an effective system for ensuring national security at the state border of Ukraine, taking into account the ways of committing illegal activities, which are constantly being improved.

In accordance with the acquired operational experience of the state border protection bodies and units of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in countering illegal activities at the state border, options for algorithms for the actions of officials of the body and the state border protection unit when detecting an aircraft violating the state border (a sign of its use) are proposed) and recommendations for combating illegal activities related to their use.

The obtained results are aimed at creating an effective system of protecting the state border, introducing new and improving existing methods and ways of countering these offenses. Implementation of the obtained results in the personnel training system will provide an opportunity to expand knowledge on the organization and implementation of measures to combat illegal activities on the state border using aircraft.

USTIFICATION OF DECISIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MILITARY UNIT ACTIVITIES BASED ON THE FACTOR APPROACH

Stanislav Osypenko — 2024-11-09

Іn order to thoroughly justify decisions in the management of the activities of military units, aimed at achieving certain goals with the rational use of available resources, the possibility of using the provisions of the factor approach is considered. It ensures within the defined centers of factor responsibility decision-making on the implementation of measures to achieve the desired result of the activity of the military unit on the basis of the "effect-cost" criterion.

The essence of factor management is formulated, which consists in the fact that for any object of management, a generalized indicator of the results of its activity is formed, which is presented as a function of indicators of individual factors: types, parties, conditions of activity. For the action of each factor, relevant units of the object or officials, so-called centers of factor responsibility, are appointed, who coordinate the action of the controlled factor in all functions of the management cycle, from planning to obtaining and analyzing the final result.

A scheme for managing the activities of a military unit is proposed, which is based on a factor approach. The methodical apparatus for its implementation is being formed, which includes: the formation of a general indicator of the results of the military unit and its structural divisions, the construction of a factor system and the determination of the centers of factor responsibility; conducting an analysis of the results of the military unit's activities for the reporting period in order to determine reserves for their improvement; substantiation of the desired result of the activity of the military unit and units for the planned period in quantitative terms; formation of a list of measures for the implementation of identified reserves and selection of their optimal composition to ensure the desired result.

The implementation of the management scheme is completed by delivering the selected measures to the executors, organizing their implementation, implementing motivational measures, implementing ongoing control and, if necessary, carrying out corrective actions.

THREATS TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE AT THE CURRENT STAGE: FUNDAMENTALS OF LEGAL ANALYSIS OF AGGRESSIVE ARMS POLICY OF RUSSIA

Eduard Poltavskyi — 2024-11-09

The article provides a legal analysis of the aggressive policy of the Russian Federation in the conditions of armed aggression against Ukraine and the resulting threats to Ukraine's national security at the current stage.

It is noted that in order to protect its national interests and ensure national security, Ukraine has all the historical, legal and political grounds for protecting its national interests and ensuring the safety of its citizens. Analysis of the Constitution of Ukraine, national legislation, international acts implemented in national legislation prove to the whole world that Ukraine does not threaten other countries, has no territorial and economic claims to other subjects of international law.

The conducted analysis showed that the aggressive policy of the Russian Federation, the armed attack on Ukraine, the waging of a war of aggression (disguised by the invented term "special military operation"), as a means of solving its great power ambitions, is a violation of international law, the principles of the UN, the laws of humanism and humanity.

The Russian Federation, its military-political leadership and direct executors of the specified crimes.

It has been proven that the military aggression of the Russian Federation endangers all elements of Ukraine's national security: the social and humanitarian sphere, the economic sphere, the domestic political and foreign political sphere, the information sphere, the sphere of state and military security, the sphere of the state border of Ukraine, the ecological sphere. The very fact of an armed invasion of independent Ukraine, the occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine, the killing of the civilian population, looting, the forced internment of Ukrainian citizens, the destruction of cultural heritage sites, the blowing up of the Kakhovskaya HPP, forced mobilization in the temporarily occupied territories - this is an incomplete list of the criminal actions of the aggressor country.

CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREATS TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE CAUSED BY THE MILITARY AGGRESSION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Mykhailo Puzyrov — 2024-11-09

The article examines the threats to the national security of Ukraine caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation under the prism of criminological science. The main ones include the following: 1) human losses; 2) temporary occupation by the aggressor state of part of the territory of Ukraine; 3) significant economic losses; 4) environmental threats; 5) «mine hazard»; 6) increase in the level of criminality during martial law; 7) concentration of firearms in a large number of population.

The main criminological measures are proposed to overcome (minimize the consequences of) threats to the national security of Ukraine caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation, in particular: 1) providing a legal assessment and proper documentation of war crimes committed by the aggressor state on the territory of Ukraine, in order to ensure the principle of inevitability of criminal liability; 2) conducting permanent interdepartmental monitoring of the state and trends in the commission of criminal offenses in Ukraine with identification, analysis and assessment of their causes and conditions; 3) implementation of the software and hardware complex «Safe Country», which will make it possible to build a multi-level security management system of Ukraine; 4) improvement of the system of control over the illegal circulation of firearms, ammunition and explosives, identification of their storage places, persons who trade in such things in Ukraine and abroad; 5) international technical assistance with modern innovative means of combating criminality; 6) development, approval and targeted implementation of correctional programs of patriotic education for those convicted of collaborative activities (Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), aiding the aggressor state (Article 111-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and other crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine, and as well as wide-ranging events of patriotic orientation in the de-occupied territories; 7) conducting permanent and targeted individual preventive work with persons with post-traumatic stress disorder; 8) further large-scale opposition to informational influence by the mass media of the aggressor state through various communication channels (television, radio, social networks, telegram channels, billboards, etc.) and other measures.

PROBLEM ISSUES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE AND SUBJECTS OF THE DEFENSE FORCES OF UKRAINE DURING THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE SECURITY TASKS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF MARTIAL

Yuriy Tolstonosov — 2024-11-09

The article examines the problems of interaction between the National Guard of Ukraine and other entities of the Defense Forces of Ukraine, analyzes important aspects of this interaction, and identifies problems that arise in the joint performance of tasks to ensure state security in the conditions of martial law.

The article provides recommendations and approaches that can play an important role during planning, management and application by the National Guard of Ukraine and other subjects.

In the opinion of the authors of the article, such recommendations can be:urgent improvement of domestic legislation, regarding the organization of effective interaction between NSU and other subjects for their joint actions to ensure state security during martial law; a clear distribution of authority, subordination and control, which should encourage coordinated joint actions between subjects;creation of an appropriate structure in management bodies for organization, coordination of efforts and maintenance of effective interaction between subjects;creation of a complex of support for subjects access to up-to-date information, convenient communication channels, which will allow the subjects management bodies to identify emerging risks in a timely manner and quickly take appropriate measures to respond to them; systematic coordination of the use of forces and means of subjects and the sequence of their actions during the performance of both joint and separate service-combat tasks;establishment and constant maintenance of mutual understanding among interacting subjects regarding the ways and means of achieving a common goal; organization and holding of a sufficient number of joint service meetings, training meetings (team-building events) of subjects, which will contribute to the development of trust, mutual assistance and reduction of the degree of mistrust and conflicts between them; the unity of views of the subjects on the preparation, maintenance and coordination of the relevant operational and service documentation; early determination of tasks, order of organization and maintenance of interaction of management bodies of subjects during preparation and during operations (combat operations); conscientious performance by officials of NSU and other subjects of their duties and obligations and adequate responsibility for non-fulfillment of previous agreements.

The problems outlined in the article and the recommendations provided make a valuable contribution to the development of effective mechanisms of interaction between the NSU and other subjects of the defense forces of Ukraine, which contribute to the improvement of the overall state security of Ukraine in the conditions of a military conflict.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THE ACTIONS OF THE BORDER GUARD DURING THE PERFORMANCE OF TASKS IN CRISIS SITUATIONS OF A MILITARY NATURE

Ivan Chornopishchuk — 2024-11-09

On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation launched a full-scale armed aggression against Ukraine, resulting in a fundamental change in Ukraine's security environment. The Armed Forces of Ukraine, together with other military formations and law enforcement agencies, began a complex of measures to ensure the containment of armed aggression against Ukraine and its prevention, as well as the protection of the country's airspace and underwater space within the territorial waters of Ukraine.

In conjunction with the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other security and defense sector forces, the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is also involved in measures to contain armed aggression against Ukraine.

The article proposes a definition of the concept of a crisis situation of a military nature, classifies and provides a detailed description of possible crisis situations of a military nature at the state border, conducts a comparative analysis of crisis situations and crisis situations of a military nature.

The role and place of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in performing tasks in conditions of crisis situations of a military nature are outlined.